Search results for "Portacaval Shunt"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

Sildenafil reduces neuroinflammation and restores spatial learning in rats with hepatic encephalopathy: underlying mechanisms

2015

Background: There are no specific treatments for the neurological alterations of cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Rats with MHE due to portacaval shunt (PCS) show impaired spatial learning. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The aims of this work were to assess: (a) whether PCS rats show neuroinflammation in hippocampus, (b) whether treatment with sildenafil reduces neuroinflammation and restores spatial learning in PCS rats, and (c) analyze the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Neuroinflammation was assessed by determining inflammatory markers by Western blot. Phosphorylation of MAP-kinase p38 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Membrane expression of GA…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyNeurologySildenafilVasodilator AgentsInterleukin-1betaImmunologyHippocampusInflammationPortacaval shuntHippocampusp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesSildenafil Citratechemistry.chemical_compoundCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceReceptors GABANeuroinflammationmedicineAnimalsRats WistarMaze LearningHepatic encephalopathyNeuroinflammationHepatic encephalopathyInflammationMicrogliaPortacaval Shunt SurgicalTumor Necrosis Factor-alphabusiness.industryResearchGeneral NeuroscienceMacrophage Activationmedicine.diseasehumanitiesSildenafil treatmentRatscGMPmedicine.anatomical_structureCognitive impairmentReceptors Glutamatechemistrynervous systemNeurologyHepatic EncephalopathyMicrogliamedicine.symptombusinesshuman activitiesNeuroscience
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Urolithiasis Following Portacaval Shunt in Rats

1987

A reliable technique for a portacaval anastomosis (PCA) in rats was first published by Lee and Fisher 1961. Since then the biological and biochemical consequences have been studied extensively in numerous investigations. The occurrence of a urolithiasis following PCA was first reported by Herz et al. 1972. Disturbances of uric acid metabolism that were caused by the shunt were thought to be responsible. They should lead to an increased production of endogenous uric acid and thus to hyperuricosuria. Investigations that were published since then mainly focused on chemical stone analysis (Bichler et al. 1974; Rasenack et al. 1977; Wallace et al. 1984).

medicine.medical_specialtyStone formationbusiness.industryPortacaval anastomosisPortacaval shuntHyperuricosuriamedicine.diseaseStone analysisGastroenterologychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryInternal medicineMedicineUric acidbusiness
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Development of Bladder Carcinoma Following Portacaval Shunt in Rats

1987

Portacaval anastomosis (PCA) was first introduced by Eck (1877) and was investigated in a number of different animals. Lee et al. (1961; 1974) published a reliable method with low mortality in rats. The occurrence of urolithiasis in rats following portacaval anastomosis happened to be noticed by chance. It was published by Herz et al. (1972a, 1972b, 1973), who defined the portacaval shunt rat as an experimental model. Heine et al. (1979) described dysplastic and neoplastic changes of the bladder mucosa following portacaval anastomosis. His findings were confirmed by Duy et al. (1981); Grun et al. (1982), and Dubuisson et al. (1984). However, Wallace et al. (1984) found papillary hyperplasia…

medicine.medical_specialtyUrinary bladderbusiness.industryPortacaval anastomosisUrologyPortacaval shuntmedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureBladder NeoplasmmedicineCarcinomaBladder stonesbusinessBladder stoneUpper urinary tract
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